Ben Mitas sipped vinho verde from a stemmed wineglass while he watched his daughter play on a swing one afternoon in January. He had bought the wine from a quiosque, the ubiquitous park kiosks, a luxury of living in Lisbon.

Mitas and his wife, Megan, moved to Portugal from Florida in 2019, renting a four-bedroom apartment for €2500 ($4000) a month in Campo de Ourique, a quiet neighbourhood with small shops and restaurants.