UBS sees a "stickier" outlook for inflation in Australia but continues to expect the RBA to start cutting rates in February amid cuts by global central banks.
After bigger than expected subsidies in recent state and federal budgets, a lower-than-expected minimum and award wage increase, and a higher than expected monthly CPI indicator, UBS has revised down its headline CPI forecast for 2024 but increased its forecast for 2025.
The Swiss bank has also boosted its forecasts for trimmed mean inflation to 3.5 per cent from 3.3 per cent for 4Q 2024 – slightly above the RBA's recent forecast of 3.4 per cent. It has also increased its 4Q 2025 inflation forecast to 3.1 per cent from 2.9 per cent, versus 2.8 per cent forecast by the RBA.
"This keeps inflation stuck around the top of the RBA's target band for another two years," says UBS Australia chief economist, George Tharenou.
Tharenou says the sticky inflation outlook reflects: weak labour productivity, and elevated wage rates, especially regulated awards/public wages; material fiscal stimulus; booming migration, keeping housing inflation elevated; only partial extension of subsidies beyond 2024; and broader financial conditions which are "arguably only neutral, amid rising asset prices."
He says the RBA is unlikely to react by hiking the cash rate, but sees a risk of a longer-than-expected peak. The RBA has flagged lingering risk of another rate hike, but UBS sees less chance of a hike after lower than expected economic growth and a smaller than expected wage increase this week.
"Given the RBA did not hike in May-24, after lifting their forecasts materially, UBS doesn't expect the RBA to subsequently react to the stickier CPI outlook, especially for trimmed mean CPI, by hiking rates," Tharenou says.
For the RBA to hike again, he says it would probably need to see 2Q CPI rise 1 per cent or more on-quarter, plus a surprisingly strong labour market.
And while his new CPI outlook implies an upside risk that the RBA's cash rate will be held higher-for-longer than he expects, Tharenou says rate cuts by offshore central banks and a rise in the unemployment rate to "full-employment" estimates around 4.5 per cent will lead the RBA to cut.
While markets aren't fully pricing a first rate cut by the RBA until mid-2025, UBS expects it to start cutting in February, lowering the cash rate from 4.35 per cent to 3.35 per cent by the end of 2025.