Peruvian president Pedro Castillo arrested after bid to dissolve congress

Leftist Pedro Castillo has been ousted by the representatives he tried to sack to head off his third inpeachment.

Pedro Castillo, centre, under arrest on Wednesday night. Picture: AFP

Peru’s leftist president, Pedro Castillo, has been ousted by the congress he tried to sack to head off his third impeachment.

Vice-President Dina Boluarte, a 60-year-old lawyer, was sworn in as Peru’s first female president just hours after Mr Castillo on Wednesday (Thursday AEDT) tried to dissolve congress in a move labelled an attempted coup.

The day began with Mr Castillo facing his third impeachment attempt since the former rural school teacher unexpectedly won power from Peru’s traditional political elite in an election 18 months ago. In a televised address to the nation, the 53-year-old announced that he was dissolving the opposition-dominated congress, installing a curfew, and would rule by decree.

As criticism poured in over the address, representatives defiantly gathered earlier than planned to debate the impeachment motion and approved it, with 101 votes out of a total of 130.

Mr Castillo was impeached for his “moral incapacity” to exercise power, after a litany of crises including six investigations against him, five cabinet reshuffles and large protests.

Congress president Jose Williams Zapata gives Dina Boluarte the sash of office on Wednesday. Picture: AFP

The constitution allows impeachment proceedings to be brought against a president based on alleged political rather than legal wrongdoing – making impeachments commonplace in Peru.

Mr Castillo was arrested on Wednesday evening, said Marita Barreto, co-ordinator of a team of prosecutors who deal with government corruption.

A source in the attorney-general’s office said he was being investigated for rebellion.

Mr Castillo became the third president since 2018 to be sacked under the “moral incapacity” provision in the constitution.

Within two hours, Ms Boluarte took the oath of office in front of congress to serve out the rest of Mr Castillo’s term, until July 2026.

Peru is no stranger to political instability: it had three different presidents in five days in 2020, and is now on its sixth president since 2016.

After the impeachment vote, Mr Castillo had left the presidential palace with a bodyguard, heading to the Lima police headquarters before his arrest was ­officially announced.

His supporters criticised their leader’s ousting.

Pedro Castillo waves to supporters in Lima in June 2021. Picture: AFP

“I want to denounce the fact that our president has been kidnapped by the national police, that he has been detained with premeditation and treachery by congress,” said retired soldier Manuel Gaviria, 59.

But at her swearing-in before congress, donning the presidential sash, Ms Boluarte said “there was an attempted coup by Mr Pedro Castillo that did not receive any support in the democratic institutions or out in the streets”.

Mr Castillo came out of seemingly nowhere to win 50.12 per cent of votes in a June 2021 run-off election against right-wing Keiko Fujimori, the corruption-charged daughter of graft-convicted ex-president Alberto Fujimori.

The ousted president was born in a small village where he worked as a teacher for 24 years, and was largely unknown until he led a ­national strike in 2017 that forced the then-government to agree to pay rise demands.

Mr Castillo sought to portray himself as a humble servant of the people, travelling on horseback for much of his presidential campaign, and promising to end corruption. However, allegations against him quickly flooded in.

A supporter of Pedro Castillo is detained in Lima on Wednesday. Picture: AFP

Investigations he faces range from alleged graft and obstruction of justice to plagiarising his university thesis.

In October, Peru’s attorney-general also filed a constitutional complaint accusing Mr Castillo of heading a criminal organisation involving his family and allies. Mr Castillo and his lawyers long ­argued the investigations against him were part of a plot to unseat him.

“This intolerable situation cannot continue,” he said earlier on Wednesday as he announced a plan to convene a new congress to draft an updated constitution within nine months.

Hundreds of protesters gathered in front of congress ahead of the vote. “We are tired of this corrupt government that was stealing from day one,” said 51-year-old Johana Salazar.

Ricardo Palomino, 50, a systems engineer, said Mr Castillo’s attempt to dissolve parliament was “totally unacceptable and unconstitutional. It went against everything and these are the consequences.”

Ahead of the impeachment, the US demanded Mr Castillo “reverse his decision”, and said after the vote that it no longer considered him to be the president.

“My understanding is that, given the action of the congress, he is now former president Castillo,” State Department spokesman Ned Price told reporters, saying politicians took “corrective action” in line with democratic rules.

Latin American governments voiced deep concern and appealed for respect for democracy, but there were also hints of support for Mr Castillo from fellow leftist leaders.

Mexican President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, one of Mr Castillo’s closest allies, blamed “economic and political elites” for a hostile environment since the beginning of his “legitimate presidency”. The government of Gustavo Petro, Colombia’s first left-wing president, called for dialogue involving “all political actors”, adding that “democracy requires the recognition of the popular will expressed both in the elections for president and for congress”.

Brazil was more critical, calling Mr Castillo’s attempt to dissolve congress a “violation” of democracy and the rule of law.

AFP