Iranians mourn president Ebrahim Raisi, killed in helicopter crash

Tens of thousands of Iranians mourned president Ebrahim Raisi after his death in a helicopter crash, amid political uncertainty ahead of an election for his successor.

Tens of thousands of Iranians mourned Iran’s president Ebrahim Raisi on Tuesday after his death in a helicopter crash, amid political uncertainty ahead of an election for his successor next month.

Raisi and seven members of his entourage including foreign minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian were killed when their aircraft came down on a fog-shrouded mountainside in northern Iran on Sunday.

Waving Iranian flags and portraits of the late president, mourners marched in the northwestern city of Tabriz, where Raisi’s helicopter had been headed when it crashed.

Black-clad mourners beat their chests as they walked behind a lorry carrying the coffins of Raisi and those who died with him.

“We, the members of the government, who had the honour to serve this beloved president, the hardworking president, pledge to our dear people and leader to follow the path of these martyrs,” Interior Minister Ahmad Vahidi said in a speech.

From Tabriz, Raisi’s body was taken to the Shiite clerical centre of Qom later Tuesday before being moved to Tehran, where huge banners hailing him as “the martyr of service” have appeared around the city.

In Qom, the procession moved toward the city’s main shrine of Massoumeh as mourners waved the Shiite red flag and the yellow flag of the Iran-backed Lebanese Hezbollah group.

The official IRNA news agency said the funerals in Iran were attended by “hundreds of thousands” of people.

Contact with Raisi’s helicopter was lost in bad weather on the return flight to Tabriz after the inauguration of a joint dam project on Iran’s border with Azerbaijan, in a ceremony with his Azeri counterpart Ilham Aliyev.

A huge search and rescue operation was launched, and state television announced his death early on Monday.

Mourners attend the funeral procession of Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi at a Muslim Shiite Shrine in Qom. Picture: IRNA / AFP.

– National mourning –

Over pictures of Raisi and as a voice recited Koranic verses, the broadcaster said “the servant of the Iranian nation, Ayatollah Ebrahim Raisi, has achieved the highest level of martyrdom”.

As well as the president and foreign minister, provincial officials, members of Raisi’s security team and the helicopter crew all died in the crash.

Armed forces chief of staff Mohammad Bagheri ordered an investigation into the crash as Iranians nationwide mourned Raisi and his entourage.

Tens of thousands of people gathered in the capital’s Valiasr Square on Monday. Iran’s highest security body, the Supreme National Security Council, said the “vast presence” of mourners at the funeral “guaranteed the stability and national security of the Islamic republic”.

On Tuesday, the Assembly of Experts, a key clerical body in charge of selecting or dismissing Iran’s supreme leader, held its first session since being elected in March, with the seat reserved for Raisi carrying his portrait.

Raisi, who was widely expected to succeed current supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, had been a member of the body since 2006.

Khamenei wields ultimate authority in Iran, and has declared five days of national mourning.

He has assigned vice president Mohammad Mokhber, 68, as caretaker president until the June 28 election for Raisi’s successor.

Iran’s top nuclear negotiator Ali Bagheri, who was Amir-Abdollahian’s deputy, has been named acting foreign minister.

Mourners attend the funeral procession of Iran's President Ebrahim Raisi at a Muslim Shiite Shrine in Qom. Picture: IRNA / AFP.

– Home town funeral

A ceremony for the crash victims will be held in Tehran at 8.00pm Tuesday (3.30am Wednesday AEST) ahead of processions in the capital on Wednesday morning before Khamenei leads prayers at a farewell ceremony.

Countries including Turkey and Russia have announced they will send representatives to the funeral.

Raisi’s body will be flown from Tehran to his home city of Mashhad in the northeast, where he will be buried on Thursday evening after funeral rites at the Imam Reza shrine.

Raisi, 63, was elected president in 2021. The ultraconservative’s time in office saw mass protests, a deepening economic crisis and unprecedented armed exchanges with arch-enemy Israel.

Raisi succeeded the moderate Hassan Rouhani at a time when the economy was battered by US sanctions imposed over Iran’s nuclear activities.

Messages of condolence flooded in from Iran’s allies around the region, including Syria, Palestinian militant group Hamas and Lebanese militant group Hezbollah, both of which are backed by Tehran.

It was an unprecedented Hamas attack on Israel that sparked the devastating war in the Gaza Strip, now in its eighth month, and soaring tensions between Israel and the “resistance axis” led by Iran.

Israel’s presumed killing of seven Revolutionary Guards in a drone strike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus on April 1 triggered Iran’s first ever direct attack on Israel, involving hundreds of missiles and drones.

In a speech just hours before his death, Raisi underlined Iran’s support for the Palestinians, a centrepiece of its foreign policy since the 1979 Islamic Revolution.

Palestinian flags have flown alongside Iranian flags at ceremonies held for the late president.

Tribute was also paid to Raisi by a China-led regional bloc on Tuesday. Envoys from Russia, China, India and Pakistan were among those who stood for a minute’s silence at a Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Astana, Kazakhstan.

What we know about the crash helicopter

The helicopter in the crash that killed Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi was a US-made Bell 212, a model introduced in 1968 during the Vietnam War and last produced in 1998.

Here is what we know about the Bell 212:

– Decades-old helicopter – Brought into service in 1971, the civilian helicopter had a military version known as Twin Huey, which was used by US troops during the Vietnam conflict.

One of its variants, the Huey UH-1 Iroquois, gained notoriety in an iconic scene in the film “Apocalypse Now” during which US troops play Richard Wagner’s The Ride of the Valkyries on loudspeakers during a raid on a Vietnamese village.

The Bell 212 can carry 13 passengers plus two pilots and fly at more than 250 kilometres (156 miles) per hour, with a range of more than 400 kilometres.

It features a two-blade propeller and is equipped with two Pratt and Whitney engines of 900 horsepower each.

The helicopter was first manufactured in Fort Worth, Texas, before production moved to Mirabel, outside Montreal, from 1988 until 1998, the last year it wast built. It was also made under license in Italy by Agusta.

As of last year, 704 Bell 212 or Bell 412 – its four-blade version – were still in service among armed forces, including in Angola, Argentina, Morocco, Turkey and Zambia, according to the most recent annual report of industry publication FlightGlobal.

– Fying under sanctions –

As of 2023, Iran operated 10 Bell 212 helicopters – two used by the air force and the remainder by the navy, according to FlightGlobal.

Tehran was an important client for the American civilian and military aircraft industry under the shah of Iran, a close US ally, until his ouster by the Islamic revolution in 1979.

Iran has sought to keep its ageing fleet in the air despite US sanctions that have it made very difficult for Tehran to obtain spare parts.

It still has around 40 F-14 Tomcat fighter jets, which became famous in the Tom Cruise film “Top Gun” in the 1980s and have been used by the US Air Force itself for two decades.

Iran also has a number of F5 fighters, purchased from the United States four decades ago and which first came into service 60 years ago.

– The Bell maker –

The Bell company, which was founded in 1935 and became a subsidiary of industrial group Textron in 1960, still produces helicopters.

The firm prides itself on having been the first to certify a helicopter intended for civilian use, in 1946.

A year later it was an experimental Bell X-1 aircraft that Chuck Yeager piloted as he became the first man to surpass the speed of sound in 1947.