Russia, China condemn AUKUS, affirm ‘no limits’ to their partnership

Moscow: China and Russia have condemned the AUKUS alliance between Australia, Britain and the United States, saying it increased the danger of an arms race in the region, in a combative joint statement released as China’s President Xi Jinping hosted Russia’s Vladimir Putin on the opening day of the Beijing Winter Olympics.

Putin and Xi proclaimed a deep strategic partnership on Friday to balance what they portrayed as the malign global influence of the United States. China affirmed support for Russia’s position in the Ukraine Crisis and Russia rejected any notion of Taiwanese independence from the mainland.

Chinese President Xi Jinping, right, and Russian President Vladimir Putin talk to each other during their meeting in Beijing before the Games. Credit: Pool Sputnik

The two countries affirmed that their new relationship was superior to any political or military alliance of the Cold War era.

“Friendship between the two States has no limits, there are no ‘forbidden’ areas of cooperation,” they declared, announcing plans to collaborate in a host of areas including space, climate change, artificial intelligence and control of the internet.

In the lengthy document – nearly 5400 words in English translation – the AUKUS alliance, which will arm Australia with nuclear submarines – was specifically condemned.

“The sides are seriously concerned about the trilateral security partnership between Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom (AUKUS), which provides for deeper cooperation between its members in areas involving strategic stability, in particular their decision to initiate cooperation in the field of nuclear-powered submarines.

“Russia and China believe that such actions are contrary to the objectives of security and sustainable development of the Asia-Pacific region, increase the danger of an arms race in the region, and pose serious risks of nuclear proliferation. ”

The document is the most detailed and assertive declaration of Russian and Chinese resolve to work together – and against the United States – to build a new international order based on their own interpretations of human rights and democracy.

The statement was steeped in ideological discourse and it was not clear whether it would immediately translate into an increase in tangible and practical cooperation – although Putin trumpeted a new gas deal with China on Friday – or was intended as more of a statement of general policy intent.

The United States responded coolly. Asked about the meeting between Xi and Putin, White House press secretary Jen Psaki said President Joe Biden has his own relationship with China.

Referring to a massing of Russian troops near the Ukraine border, she said the U.S. focus is currently on working with partners in case Russia invades Ukraine, adding “we’ve also conveyed that destabilising conflict in Europe would impact China’s interests all over the world”.

Jonathan Eyal of the London-based Royal United Services Institute said the declaration marked a “frontal rebuttal” of the Western view of the world and a possible building block towards a military alliance.

“They both feel cornered and they feel their moment has arrived to state their vision of the world and promote it aggressively.”

Mutual support

The two countries have moved closer together as both have come under pressure from the West on issues including their human rights records and Russia’s military build-up near Ukraine. The timing of their announcement was highly symbolic, at a China-hosted Olympics that the United States has subjected to a diplomatic boycott.

In the lengthy document – nearly 5,400 words in English translation – each went significantly further than before in backing the other on flashpoints of tension with the West.

Russia voiced its support for China’s stance that Taiwan is an inalienable part of China and opposition to any form of independence for the island.

China joined Russia in calling for an end to NATO enlargement and supported its demand for security guarantees from the West – issues at the heart of Moscow’s confrontation with the United States and its allies over Ukraine.

The two countries expressed concern about “the advancement of US plans to develop global missile defence and deploy its elements in various regions of the world, combined with capacity building of high-precision non-nuclear weapons for disarming strikes and other strategic objectives”.

Elsewhere, without naming Washington, they criticised attempts by “certain states” to establish global hegemony, fan confrontation and impose their own standards of democracy.

Scott Kennedy, a China expert at Washington’s Centre for Strategic and International Studies, said that despite the rhetoric, there would be limits to the alliance.

“China is willing to stand with Russia through thin but not thick. This collaboration works as long as it entails few costs. They are expanding their commercial ties, extolling a similar anti-American, pro-authoritarian narrative, and hoping their friendship weakens the West’s military position in Europe and Asia,” he said, adding, “If a war breaks out over Ukraine or Taiwan, we can expect this partnership to fracture.”

Tech and energy

In the technology arena, Russia and China said they were ready to strengthen cooperation on artificial intelligence and information security.

They said they believed that “any attempts to limit their sovereign right to regulate national segments of the Internet and ensure their security are unacceptable”.

Russian gas companies annoucned deals worth tens of billions of dollars to supply Beijing with gas. Credit: Getty

Meanwhile Russian state energy giants Gazprom and Rosneft on Friday agreed on new gas and oil supply deals with Beijing worth tens of billions of dollars.

The deals capitalise on Putin’s drive to diversify Russian energy exports away from the West, which started shortly after he came to power in 1999. Since then, Russia has become China’s top energy supplier and cut its reliance on the West for revenues.

The Kremlin said the Presidents also discussed the need to broaden trade in national currencies because of unpredictability surrounding the use of the dollar.

US President Joe Biden has said Russian companies could be cut off from the ability to trade in dollars as part of sanctions if Russia invades Ukraine.

Moscow denies any such intention, but has used a build-up of more than 100,000 troops near Ukraine’s border to grab the attention of the West and press its demands for security guarantees.

Reuters